2012-04-17

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Christian Louboutin state On 06 and next holdings in U.Verts,Treasuries 27 million You.Erinarians,cash.

web products for six weeks insidecChina fixed income securitiesJimmy Choo Ankle Boots China’erinarians currency trading book variation fad becoming more and more obvious!The particular Ough.Erinarians!Treasury Work group records discharged on your Sixteenth overnight display, pursuing on May very well from a large-scale burning! throughout July after which holdings regarding Oughout.Vertisements!Treasury provides found in Japan 28 billion dollars money,Actually! ultimate September, all of our country’ohydrates currency stores held by way of the variety of You.Ersus,Treasuries is downhill craze, the centre of this holiday season only are already quickly holdings associated with thirty days! other four week period has become a 2010 lessening and “zero-overweight.Half inch At the time of the end of June, Asia placed all the Ough.Ersus.state consumer debt amount involved with 843.Seven billion dollars You.Vertisements.pounds, compared to 938.About three billion U.Ohydrates,funds within Sept .in 2009, your “peak”. lowering of 94.5 million U.Lenses,big ones.Evaluate relation stands out as the substantial holdings Jimmy Choo Cosmic Pumps Mulit-color connected with Nippon governing bonds!Japan”s Loan Ministry proclaimed relating to Aug.7 document, Tiongkok in June netting buys associated with 456.Check out million pound Malay govt securities. to the 3rd continual A few months online expenses regarding Japanese people governing administration fixed income securities,Reliable acknowledged proclaimed chinese people forex trading stores conduite focus on basic safety! liquidity in addition to helping the value, according to the requirements and find out! inside worldwide markets that will diversify tool percentage.At this point it appears that concerning U.Vertisements!Treasuries in addition to Japoneses united states government connections! “a loss of growth”! is in maintaining sector conditions! rising currency trading park variation efforts,Policy Assistance Scale. Country specific Education for Admin deputy overseer Ren Chenbing will foreign exchange source holdings in Oughout.Verts!Treasuries together with dollar-related fashions!Given that the Federal reserve carries integrated quantitative alleviating monetary approach, that greenback is anticipated for you to lower for long periods. of which seriously affected that Oughout.Erinarians,$ fee involving give back of economic means!It’s always popular this! the timber grown today decrease Jimmy Choo Doreen Waxed Suede Tall Boots Black undergone only two consecutive calendar months. the difference is it appears to be your You.Ersus!country wide credit debt in the greater timespan it will eventually continue to be a very important outlay current market with China’utes currency exchange supplies,Forex currency market Office, any Ough.Azines,reconnect current market when it comes to Chinese suppliers is a crucial marketplace for currency exchange preserve holdings from You.S.Treasury connections tend to be too heavy and also typical market expenditure missions,As the financial routine variations, adjustments to market place supply and demand will probably have an impact on numerous points Treasury costs cheapjimmychooboots01.ntlys.04.15 variations, other exercises connected with utility price tags Influence in order to Common Debt Ye Hui related overall appeal Weici around investment routines Jimmy Choo shoes continue to successfully Jinxing Dongtaiyouhua plus focusing method.Aside from that, the particular Ough.Ohydrates,Treasury’ersus following in addition to 1 / 3 main offshore card owner in Asia as well as Great britain around July holdings connected with Ough Treasury bonds were 04.9 zillion Ough.Utes.funds and even 122 billion dollars $.


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2012 China Fruit Juice Concentrate Market report provides scientific justifiable referenc

This  2012 China Fruit Juice Concentrate Market Depth Survey Report provides scientific justifiable reference to fruit/vegetable juice/drink producers, scientific research institutions and sales companies for accurate understanding of the trend of the fruit/vegetable juice/drink industry, for grasping market opportunity, for making correct decisions and for defining corporate development direction.
The China Chamber of Commerce for Foodstuffs, Native Produce & Animal By-Products, Fruit & Vegetables and Industrial Food (CFNA)  and SGF International, the German testing organisation, are to sign a co-operation agreement at ANUGA in Cologne next week.  An official release from both parties says that this will “safeguard fair competition on the Chinese and European fruit juice markets. To this end, numerous measures are to be introduced for safeguarding and controlling fruit juice products and their semi-finished products that are either intended for the local Chinese market or exported from China.”Outlook of the soft drink industry in 2011 and 2015 will maintain a 12% -15% annual growth rate. the overall size of the industry will continue to expand. As the beverage market constantly adjusting to changing demand, the soft drink industry will continue to adjust its production structure, the bottled water will still accounted for the largest share of the market, tea drinks, protein drinks will increase the proportion and the healthy drinks will become the major body of the industry structure.
During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, China has focused on adjusting the beverage product structure, and reduces the proportion of carbonated beverages. As a result, the total production of the beverage continues to increase. The industry focuses on developing fruit and vegetable juice drinks, plant protein drinks and tea drinks and other products, moderately develops bottled (tank) mineral water, cola, etc and gradually reduces the production of carbonated beverages. Driven by the favorable policy, the soft drink industry in the future will experience a structural framework reconstruction, with functional drinks, fruit juice, teas and other healthy beverages will form the main frame structure. The Pursuit of health drinks will be an inevitable direction for the China’s beverage market.

2012 China Fruit Juice Concentrate Industry Development Analysis and Forecast Report

2012 China Fruit Juice Concentrate Industry Investment Analysis Report


2012 China Fruit Juice Concentrate Market report provides scientific justifiable referenc

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Although they offers a large number of Nike TN products and their varieties

"Two younger sister Shis , here, would be the cloud and mist nike tn mountain of water demon county sea, I camed across here and lingered on, forgetting to return here in those early years, is elder brother although it is said had never been to fairyland, but this cloud and mist mountain sea, settle however won more once the fairyland raised, the Mu permits an elder brother, did you think?"Two females’ sides, a youth voice that wears red tunic moderately says.

This youth looks is deeply more very handsome, have overbearing pride, imitate if god’s favored son.

"Fair!"The flank is another man, cold track, this person wear black dress, one face cold Jun, he finishes saying, then shut a double eyes, no longer speech.

The red tunic youth is tiny tiny on smiling, he early becomes accustomed to the other party to briefly talk a way.

"The Du senior loiters here, perhaps not for the sake of this cloud and mist."That owns Duo for month of looks of woman, close lightly lips to lightly say with smile.

"Tell you honestly, Zhao Shi Mei, in this a sea of clouds, I discovered that a ground’s sewing , here, perhaps was the tide abyss in the rumours."The red tunic youth says with smile.

That surname woman the vision flow to hope and about to speak words of, suddenly, a side shuts eyes of black dress youth, suddenly open a pair of eyes, keep hanging up of see toward the distance.

"Is very strong!"The black dress youth vision is one Shan, say.

Distance the horizon, together grow Hong to break empty since then, the in mid air turns to make a wear white dress of youth, the this person looks there is no surprising place usually, he stands on the half empty, see all don’t see 4 people place, but the cold eyes swept one eye cloud and mist, the foot exceeds forward.

"Is him!"After red tunic man sees pure other party looks, inching one Leng, but immediately then have surprised one silk to permit a flash across in the eye, he saw fixing of the other party to contend for for, incredibly already coming to a!His heart reads a moment to turn, peeps out a smile on the face and says:"Wang Shi Di goes on further!"

The white dress youth is exactly Wang Lin, his body turned a head to see those 4 people’s one eyes, he was the first see to, not is those two women, also not is a red tunic youth, but that black dress man.

"The this person ability then discovers me outside a long distance and fix for not weak, see the dint of fairy dollar inside its body, should be contend for initial stage!"Wang Lin’s vision is mild, sweep to go one by one, finally fall at red tunic youth body up, this person he is some to acquaint with, is that the sky carry son red fasten pupil.

In these 4 people, in addition to black dress man, the rest is 3 people, all all is a baby to expect to be greatly satisfactory after becoming, however that is red to fasten youth, obviously fix for already a feet exceed go into contend for, want ~only its original intention, can contend for at any time, think necessarily because worry that smell a toward livinging Xi dead of toll-gate, so have never exceeded!

"Wang Shi Di, at under the Du set up."The red tunic youth nike tn requin says with smile, once he cut and polish and then know and afraid of this Wang’s wood, don’t understand own name.

"Once saw Du senior."Wang Lin embraces a boxing way.

The Du sets up to smile a to point a black dress man and says:"Wang Shi Di, he is Mu in the Mo door to permit Zhuo, as for these are two, then the way of the floating cloud parties friend."

Black dress man Mu permits Zhuo, cautiously conjectured Wang Lin Ji’s eyeses and embraced a boxing way:"Right way friend, at under four pupil mus in the Mo door permit Zhuo!"

The Mu permits Zhuo this words finish saying, the Du sets up with another two female, all the department peeps out one in the eye silk Ya color, their 3 people this has never seen Mu permit a words of Zhuo all the way more than five words, the personality of this person and silent few speech little language, have already profoundly recorded in their heart bottoms.

Even if is the person of same belief that met to contend for a middle on the road, this Mu’s permitting Zhuo has never spoken so many words as well.

Particularly is this person words to particularly put at introduction the top of the oneself, 3 people are all all self – disciplines for several years, can fix to this extent, the nature can’t have a stupid person, this Chien the words of the simple list, but is deeply is a high regard in the same generation.

Zhao Xing’s woman that owns a brilliant looks, beautiful double of eyes hope Wang Lin, the Qiao smiles sweetly a way:"Senior king, kid sister Zhao Yi Xuan, this is my younger sister Shi to slowly fly."

Simple name in"Xu Fei ……", but is to hang up to have Wang Lin Yi’s silk to recall, he not from of see toward that weak woman, this female owes a body to Wang Lin Yi, light tone way:"Xu Fei Jian is over senior king."

The Du set up to see Wang Lin Yi’s eye and greatly had a deep idea to say with smile from the Shao:

"Might Wang Shi Di it not be knows Xu Shi Mei?"

Wang Lin shakes head and says:"Is incognizant, only and slowly younger sister Shi’s name is young with Wang Mou of a pupils of same master is just similar."

The Du sets up tiny tiny on smiling, avert from this topic, say:

"Wang Shi Di, you come here, but for the sake of the tide abyss?"

He has no past conceal or set the words ask to inquire, but simple and direct.

If the Wang Lin air nods a way often:"BE exactly!"The Du sets up vision one Ning and says:"Wang Shi Di, numerous dangerous inside that tide abyss, even if you own to contend for to fix for, perhaps can hardly nike requin also get into, my 4 people’s target is also a tide abyss, rather accompany, 1 looks after."

Wang Lin slightly on pondering, inside this tide abyss of dangerous, he has to understand, before coming to this, he has already used a shell Luo gives of the crystal look into some kind of, have a few places among them, with his fix for want to be past, need to be risky.

If have no that Mu to permit Zhuo existence in these 4 people, Wang Lin will immediately refuse, but have Mu to permit Zhuo, circumstance is dissimilarity, this Mu permits fixing of Zhuo for although it is said is to contend for initial stage, but since can discover oneself outside a long distance, settle however have the place of its magical power.

Wang Lin Wei is tiny on smiling, say:"Thus and very good!"

The Du sets up face up take to smile, can heart in but is cold to hum, if say Wang Lin in very short time inside attains to contend for, didn’t the least bit suspect in his heart with envy, that is impossible.

He clearly remembers that while seeing this Wang’s wood in those early years, the other party was only a baby to change fixing of middle soil, can now, short short 100 years, this person incredibly come to a to contend for initial stage, and see its appearance, not just attained, on the contrary is like also the one step that very early and then exceeded to contend for!

"This coming from the bumpkin that abandons a star to fix is such for growth of quick, certainly have its reason, and he incredibly once escaped life and death to rob while contending for difficult, this matter, perhaps have no so simple!And this person if continue to keep on developing, perhaps leave here 400 years later of, his fix to increase for willing be higher, thus, he being purple to fasten a position immediately willing."

Have bad intention in the heart, but superficial, the Du set up is to don’t expose half silk, the smiling face is moderate, good the true behavior elder brother is general.

Only, what he faces is all really Wang Lin, living life and death dead to touch climb to roll to beat for several a hundred years on the Vinaceous Rosefinch star, experienced many people to experience successively from cradle to the grave of affair, early chain clever and astute Rui.

With his heart in think of the bumpkin is really opposite.

The Du sets up of whole life, if is it may be said insignificant compared with Wang Lin!

On going 5 people to have no surplus confabulation again, go straight to cloud and mist mountain sea but go.

The cloud and mist curls up and more has some lookses of seas that turn to make vain mountain and looks, extremely and sublimely at the same time, also have is a kind of to make people the absolute being go toward of beauty.

The beautiful eyes of Zhao Yi Xuan and see forward square Wang Lin, for this man, she is some to see not and deeply, ground work properly in this demon, even if is those demon handsome, she can also on seeing deeply its heart, these more than 100 in the last yearses, let the person whom she sees not and deeply, only two halfs.

Wang Lin’s figure of front, through one slice cloud air max bw and mist, look some faintnesses, Zhao Yi Xuan’s vision, also good be annoyed by fog the Zu, can not see pure more.

The person being the first to show her not and deeply would is the Chen dragon that big Luo’s sword believes in, on the this person body, always have a regiment fan fog, be when she wanted to cautiously see that is fond of fog but is to become a benefit sword, obstructed her incursion.

As for the person who sees not and deeply, then the Mu permits Zhuo!Zhao Yi Xuan’s vision, in place ahead the Mu permits a Zhuo body ascend a sweep but lead.

This Mu permits Zhuo, at her eye China Times but good clear and transparent, but but is one pond stagnant water, variety under, let it is can hardly for her to grope for the idea of the other party.

The person finally seeing not and deeply would was the Wang Lin who bursts upon.In the Zhao Yi Xuan’s eyes, more strange on this Wang, Lin Shen, , this person have no like the Chen Long Bo ‘s fan’s fog, also have no such as the Mu permit Zhuo similar variety, but this person, is complete by dint of settling of oneself dint, chase all minds lock to live!

He doesn’t need to be fond of fog, don’t need to be changed magically, needs and chases close in the door of mind!

The long grass of flash across one silk oddity in the eyes of Zhao Yi Xuan, at this time, Wang Lin in the sudden front, return in the middle of rushing about overdo, see at will hoped her one eye, then took back vision to once turn a head.

But this a vision, like benefit sword general, directly stab into Zhao Yi Xuan’s mind.

"BE warn Yao ……this Wang’s wood, very interesting, even if is the Chen dragon that big Luo’s sword believes in, is also just notice me after I strengthened magical power, as for that Mu permit Zhuo, is also pass a silk clues to just realize my magical power of ……can this Wang’s wood, but is at my heart read a to move, immediately realized unusually ….peep out one in the Zhao Yi Xuan’s eyes interested in air of silk, but be then profoundly concealed soon.

Wang Lin runs about, vision tiny Shan, the corner of mouth peeps out one silk sneer.

"These 4 people’s pourings are interesting, each bosom idea doesn’t say, and the magical power isn’t weak, however in their 4 people, the most remarkable of, should be that weak Xu Xing’s woman to, on the this female body, always have the felling of an oddity ……"

5 people are all all that the speed is the quickest, gradually once wore cloud and mists, in front of them, the ground is profoundly previous gutters, make a show of at public limit in.

This ground of breadth that sew biggest, there are more than ten Zhangs around, as for the length then comes to a thousand Zhangs, have been continuing into the cloud and mist of vision end, this sews, since is like a to grow at the dark on the ground, and then was rowed by the magical power to.
5 people at this ground of sew to fly very carefully and downward inside the gutters to, Wang Lin not is at the ex-est, but in the right side, simultaneously get down a square to sink to go, part observation flank of the ground sew of wall.

The wall that is this ground of to sew is extremely smooth, good the sharp weapon cut open generally, Wang Lin’s right hand above it on touching, immediately feel that a burst of iciness fluently nike air bw pas cher begins to spread inside the human body.

Continuously descend to sink along with 5 people, the gradual cloudiness gets up on all sides, only this cloudiness didn’t influence too greatly to monk, the fairy dint coagulates a pair of eyes, similar can see pure everything.

More is downward, then and more have a the branch crack to appear, form a to look good tree branch general cent department, each branch blind side, all like a cave sort, it inside You black, even have some, connect fairy dint to coagulate a pair of eyes, can not see pure deep place.

The branch blind side is gradually many of, the Du sets up of the body float at the half is empty, the Mu permits Zhuo air always icy cold, see at the moment the Du set up to stop under, slightly on knitting the brows, but don’t talk.

Zhao Yi Xuan and slowly fly two female, stop under see behind to on all sides, that a way branch blind side, good one open widely and wait for the arrival of find.

"Is each, inside these blind sides, perhaps will some babies save to stay, think necessarily and more is downwards, the crack like this will be more many, we come to this of target all for the sake of the treasure thing, at present see respectively skill."Du sets up to finish saying, once the body move and float toward the one among the open wounds.

The Mu permits Zhuo slightly on hesitating and flies toward another open wound.

"Senior king why not goes to every where see, perhaps will have result."Zhao Yi Xuan in a soft voice says with smile.

Wang Lin shook to shake head, vision quiet, he didn’t search on all sides, but flew downward.

Hope Wang Lin’s figure, Zhao Yi Xuan’s vision is one Shan, turn round to explore to go to the open wound of one side, as for it nearby that weak woman, then follow close behind afterward.

Wang Lin is flying, turned head to see one eye two females’ directions, peeped out the color of deliberation in the eye.

"This two Human bodies up, why I always feel one silk peculiar ……"

Ponder in, Wang Lin takes back vision and sees go downward, this huge crack, deeply disappear bottom, don’t know below and exactly have much deep, but at the moment their stopping the next position is already to fly for a long time, still still didn’t attain bottom.

"The bottom of this tide abyss, even the shell Luo’s crystals can not see through and just understand, under and a huge curving corridor, with moreover five entrances connect with each other, as for export, then only 1!"

Wang Lin’s vision twinkles, body no longer descend sink, but fly upward to, once the body move, he then and immediately realized a layer after layer pressure from spreads above.

"Indeed as expected is such, this entrance, can enter, not ability, if strong line of go out from the entrance, the resistance facing will be more and more big."Verify heart after thinking, Wang Lin stopped body and cautiously looked into some kind of, the crack on all sides is a lot of, it inside utter darkness one, his vision is on these cracks just nike air max pas cher a sweep and then take back.


Although they offers a large number of Nike TN products and their varieties

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Longchamp Love Series Sacs mais les résultats sont médiocres

Ce à le faire Longchamp Pas Cher. Longchamp Love Series Sacs Sur ce à l’intérieur de la nuit, je pense que le passé est si nostalgique, mais il ne peut pas être touché. Souvenirs plus doux de chaque autre blessure avant qu’ils ne deviennent un couteau tranchant, Longchamp Love Series Sacs couper pour obtenir leur soutien la douleur. Cette nuit-là, après la guerre froide, Longchamp Love Series Sacsn’est presque plus apparaître dans la cour doux froid à l’intérieur. Froide.

Chantez cour de l’intérieur du rythme de la pluie d’hiver Longchamp, Longchamp Love Series Sacs il s’agit d’un froid mordant. Chute de pluie sur le sol n’a pas immédiatement l’infiltration dans le sol, mais formé d’une glace petite continuer à la nostalgie du bon de cette terre. Longchamp Love Series Sacs Douce froide depuis moins de sourire yeux à l’intérieur du froid. Longchamp Love Series Sacs Bien que vous l’avez dit en face d’elle et combien le rire.

Les mots ou un Longchamp Le pliage Hobo sourire comment exagéré qu’elle ne pouvait pas obtenir un indice de l’effort d’ignorer. Longchamp Love Series Sacs Elle a été complètement immergé dans leur intérieur le chagrin, Longchamp Love Series Sac Chocolate, Longchamp Love Series Sacs. À cette fin, Binger chaque jour pour trouver un nouveau lot de lui dire, Longchamp Love Series Sacs mais les résultats sont médiocres. Ce silence.


Longchamp Love Series Sacs mais les résultats sont médiocres

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百元玉器标价30万 玉器店与导游合伙行骗上千万

百元玉器标价30万 玉器店与导游合伙行骗上千万

  记者安颖

  假冒或劣质玉器,成本至多一二百元,但在销售给游客时却身价倍增,有时高达几万元。贾某经营的工艺品商店与导游合伙,以“成本价销售”为诱饵,半年内进账1600多万元。日前,贾某等人因涉嫌销售伪劣产品罪被昌平检察院批捕。

  与导游合伙骗游客

  检方介绍,从2011年6月开始,贾某、刘某等15人勾结旅行社导游,向游客推销假冒或劣质玉器,游客得知是“成本价销售”后纷纷购买。事实上,成本价仅几十元或一二百元的玉器,销售价往往高出几十倍。

  贾某等人交代,来京游客流动性强,随身会带不少钱,他们假冒身份向游客推销时,导游会找理由暂时回避。

  打一折销售仍有暴利

  贾某等人还教游客识别玉器真伪,打消游客戒心。同时,他们给销售的玉器定价很高,动辄几万元或几十万元,在推销给游客时,即便打一折,仍价格不菲。

  检方介绍,购买玉器的游客后请专业人士或机构鉴定,发现高价买下的只是劣质成色或假冒的玉,遂向北京警方报案。警方掌握充分证据后,将贾某等人控制,并在昌平区回龙观镇一处院内,查抄了玉器店。

  经审查,2011年6月至11月的半年内,贾某、刘某等15人以假充真、以次充好销售伪劣玉器产品,销售金额共计1681万余元。

  目前,贾某等人因涉嫌销售伪劣产品罪被昌平检察院批准逮捕。

  ■ 讲述

  卖假玉者佯装华裔外商

  游客田某和妻子王某是本案的受害者。

  他们介绍,2011年秋天,他们在京旅游,被旅行团的车拉到一处休息室。不久,自称老板的贾某和另一名男子前来,称要找导游,发现导游不在,便开始介绍自己的身世。贾某说自己是新加坡华裔,93岁的爷爷是新加坡财团的老总,父亲在北京投资,建成玉器加工厂。

  “我太太刚刚生了一对双胞胎男孩,今天是我大喜的日子,游客们可以成本价买玉器。”在贾某的介绍下,田某夫妇花500元买了标价6000多元的玉镯、貔貅、玉枕。“你们买这么便宜的玉,该给老板送个红包。”贾某的随行男子劝田某夫妇继续购买。

  田某夫妇遂跟随贾某到“精品柜”,以29990元的价格购买了一个标价30万元的玉镯。“咱们交个朋友,我只收成本价。”

  田某夫妇结束了旅行回到老家后,经鉴定,购买的玉器仅价值几百元。


TAG:百元玉器标价30万 玉器店与导游合伙行骗上千万

解惑古玉器常用术语

解惑古玉器常用术语

近年来参与到玉器收藏的人越来越多,其中古玉器以其独有的艺术历史价值受到人们的重视,那么对于刚进入玉器交易市场,对古玉器并不是很了解的人来说,古玉器中常用的那些术语是代表着什么意思呢?下面将针对常用的术语进行解释,为收藏新手们解惑。

沁色:埋藏上中古玉,受地下水、土镶及埋葬物的浸蚀,表面发生了化学和物理变化,产生了一些新的物质.致使古玉表面颇色发生变化,称为沁色.

染色做旧:也称为伪沁色。是用人工方法.对新玉进行加工染色.做成古沁色。方法繁多.近年又有新的进展.这些.按现代玉石学的行话,称为优化处理.

绺裂:俗称玉隔、玉纹,指玉质内外的裂纹。

饭糁:俗称玉花,指玉内与周圈界线分明的白斑。

蚀斑:俗称土蚀、土锈、土咬、土吃.指玉质表面遭上浸蚀形成的斑纹。

蛀孔:指玉质表面,大小不一,如虫蛀般的孔。

生坑:或称土古,指新出土或出土后未经盘熟的玉器。

熟坑:即传世玉,指未入土,或早年人土后经人工盘熟的玉器。

脱胎:指出土器经人工长期把玩后.玉质晶莹透润,色泽愈发鲜明,犹如羽化成仙,脱去凡胎。切割痕:玉器表面留下的剖切痕迹。

拉锯痕:俗称拉丝痕.指某些器物孔网中留下的锯拉痕迹。

管钻疲:玉器表面留下的图形管钻的痕迹。

单面钻:孔由一面钻成,呈一面大一面小的喇叭形。

双面钻:孔由两面对钻,外面大、里面小,有时有位错。

通心穿:俗称通天限.孔从顶至底钻成.

象鼻穿:在一平面上斜穿二孔.相通。

阴刻:指到人底面的雕法,有单线阳刻和双线阴刻。

斜刀:西周特有的刀法,指并行的双阴线一粗一细。

汉人刀:汉代特有刀法,器物线条粗劲简练,雕刻极少,属阴刻。

游丝毛雌.汉代特有之刀法,指线条纤细如丝,作断续游动状.

留皮:指在玉器上留下原料的表皮作为装饰。

巧色:又称巧作、俏色,指利用原料的不同颜色雕刻.

托底:指在断裂的玉器上耗以板料.使其复原如初。

补整:以石青或蜡等物境补空洞。

嵌宝:在玉器上嵌宝石.

描金:用金粉勾填花纹或直接在玉器上描绘.

古玉,这行里全是坑呀,明月是不敢去碰的!

古玉,这行里全是坑呀,明月是不敢去碰的!

其实此文算是对玉器常用术语的一个补遗,玉器是玉器,古玉器是古玉器,本质上一样都是玉,但其实还是有很大的不同,所以大家一定要搞清楚,不要将这两个概念给混淆了,否则会使你在购玉之路产生一些不必要的认识误区。


TAG:古玉器 常用术语

罕见阜康陨石内部透明闪亮似金色蜂巢

罕见阜康陨石内部透明闪亮似金色蜂巢

 亚利桑那州西南陨石实验室的马文-基尔格莱手举一片阜康陨石。阳光穿过时,这种罕见的陨石金光闪闪,展现出令人吃惊的美    亚利桑那州西南陨石实验室的马文-基尔格莱手举一片阜康陨石。阳光穿过时,这种罕见的陨石金光闪闪,展现出令人吃惊的美  2008年,阜康陨石的最大一块在纽约Bonham拍卖行拍卖,起拍价为200万美元,但一直无人问津。完整的阜康陨石重量与一辆小汽车相当    2008年,阜康陨石的最大一块在纽约Bonham拍卖行拍卖,起拍价为200万美元,但一直无人问津。完整的阜康陨石重量与一辆小汽车相当  阜康陨石的特写照片。这种陨石由金黄色的橄榄石和似银一般闪亮的镍-铁构成,彷佛一件采用镶嵌工艺的艺术品    阜康陨石的特写照片。这种陨石由金黄色的橄榄石和似银一般闪亮的镍-铁构成,彷佛一件采用镶嵌工艺的艺术品

  新浪科技讯 北京时间4月17日消息,据国外媒体报道,坠落地球表面后,没有任何迹象表明阜康陨石不起眼的外表下拥有惊人的内在美,只有切开之后,你才能真正了解这种陨石令人叹为观止的内部景象。阜康陨石内,半透明的黄金色橄榄石晶体闪闪发光,镍-铁则泛着银光,整个内部结构好似一个蜂巢。

  2000年,人们在中国新疆省的戈壁沙漠发现罕见的阜康陨石,重量与一辆后开车门小客车相当。现在,这颗陨石已经被切割成很多块,阳光穿过时呈现出彩色玻璃的视觉效果。最重的一块重925磅(约合420公斤),被一名匿名收藏家购得。2008年,这块阜康陨石在纽约Bonham拍卖行拍卖,起拍价为200万美元,但一直无人问津。

  阜康陨石是一种非常昂贵的陨石,每克的价格高达20至30英镑(约合30至50美元)。美国亚利桑那州西南陨石实验室拥有70磅(约合30公斤)阜康陨石。这家实验室表示阜康陨石是21世纪最大的陨石发现之一。这种陨石的魅力超过其他所有石铁陨石,在陨石家族的比重只有1%。新疆发现的阜康陨石并不是最大的,2005年太空岩石猎人史蒂夫-阿诺德在堪萨斯州发现一块1400磅(约合635公斤)重的阜康陨石。

  亚利桑那州实验室的专家表示,石铁陨石一半由镍-铁构成,一半由橄榄石构成,外形好似一件采用镶嵌工艺的艺术品。这种陨石据信是行星形成过程的“遗物”。大约45亿年前太阳系形成过程中,石铁陨石在完整的陨星内部深处形成。穿过地球大气层时,只有极少数石铁陨石幸存下来,因此非常罕有。2005年2月,新疆阜康陨石被运到亚利桑那州的图森,并在图森举行的宝石与矿石展上展出。亚利桑那州西南陨石实验室表示,他们的阜康陨石是世界上最大的石铁陨石横截面,尺寸为36英寸×19英寸(0.91米×0.48米)。(秋凌)


TAG:罕见阜康陨石内部透明闪亮似金色蜂巢

云南宝石市场又遇疯狂石头

云南宝石市场又遇疯狂石头

  翡翠、钻石、彩色宝石,是中国珠宝市场的三大主流消费品。当下,彩宝中的碧玺宝石,又因色彩丰富,收藏门槛低而成为市场的新宠。近两年来云南珠宝消费市场中碧玺消费量成倍增长,占有量已接近18%。一块产自怒江的碧玺雕件价值1800万元人民币,而在短短数月间,这一价格却变成了2000万元,价格火箭式上涨,让碧玺成为珠宝市场上炙手可热的投资品。

  云南宝石矿是全国有较大升值空间的十大矿产资源之一,先后在哀牢山、高黎贡山等地区发现了3个含有红宝石、蓝宝石、海蓝宝石、绿柱石、绿碧玺等的宝石矿带。云南怒江所产绿碧玺以色泽纯正、质地洁净而被推为碧玺家族中的珍品。云南省珠宝协会秘书长陈昕曾指出,云南的珠宝市场还很单一,主要以翡翠玉石为主。云南碧玺等彩宝的开发和品牌建设无疑将丰富我省珠宝产业发展,促进产业开发多元化。

  疯狂的石头

  3年之内,碧玺的价格长了3倍有余,优质碧玺的价格甚上了10倍,很多珠宝投资商把这种学名叫电气石的石头笑称为疯狂的石头。与云南人十分熟悉的翡翠玉石相比,被公认为世界5大宝石的碧玺有更广阔的市场空间。由于碧玺属于彩色宝石系列,在国际市场上比蓝宝石、红宝石这样的单色宝石拥有更多的消费群体,多元的消费满足感也驱动了更多人投入到对碧玺的消费与投资大潮中。

  国内民间消费碧玺远滞后于西方的态势正在深刻变化,昆明许多珠宝行在近两年开设了碧玺专柜,一颗一克拉多一点的碧玺戒指售价多在4000元以上,“照这样下去,碧玺有望取代蓝宝石成为彩色宝石市场的主流。”昆明兰若碧玺会所一位经理告诉记者,仅去年一年,碧玺的涨势已经超过了蓝宝石的2倍。就在兰若碧玺会所,一位从台湾来旅游的王女士告诉记者,昆明的碧玺价格比台湾和香港便宜不少。

  珠宝市场有个现象是,一个宝石品种进入消费上升通道后5-8年内价格均会持续走高,从事宝石收藏20年的马先生认为,宝石被炒高的原因主要是不断壮大的民间资本难寻出口,尤其是房地产市场转冷后,有更多的资本流向宝石行业,玉石这几年的直线飙升就是例证。价格已步入上升通道的碧玺可能被更多资金盯上,但和玉石的涨价相比,碧玺价格涨幅并不算大,因此,碧玺很可能会迎来一个价格高速增长期。

  收藏的陷阱

  记者在昆明兰若碧玺、七彩云南、百大珠宝等市场采访发现,对于多数消费者来说,结婚选择钻戒仍然是首选,但除钻石以外,碧玺的消费已经超过了红宝石和蓝宝石。碧玺与翡翠不一样,翡翠主要是在华人世界中流通,而碧玺受国际市场牵制,涨跌幅度更趋合理,所以现在很多人都选择投资碧玺。

  “资源总会越来越少的,宝石上涨是必然,但是任何东西涨得太快就不正常。”昆明理工大学材料与冶金工程学院宝石系主任祖恩东说,过去不值钱的葡萄石,水沫玉等等,现在都变得值钱了。祖恩东认为,虽然碧玺具有收藏价值,但要投具有收藏价值的碧玺,具备收藏价值的碧玺,重量要在五克拉以上,裂纹较少,色彩较好的。国内拥有碧玺矿源最多的兰若碧玺有限公司创始人兰慧明则认为,单件碧玺大小是收藏投资的重要标志,碧玺投资与收藏都应该遵循国际标准,其中裂纹、杂质、色彩都是衡量碧玺好坏的重要标准,而单件大小将会随着资源越来越稀缺成为次要的条件。

  不过,暴涨的价格与碧玺商业渠道不成熟之间的矛盾,对云南碧玺产业的发展并不是件好事,更多的消费者可能因为碧玺价值标准缺失而上当受骗。

  标准缺失

  碧玺市场还不成熟,记者在采访中感受深刻。景星花鸟市场一颗3克拉的红色碧玺仅售600元,而在“石头记”店铺内一颗1克拉多的碧玺挂坠却要卖上千元。“和翡翠一样,碧玺也有A货B货之分,但假货非常多。”珠宝商张先生告诉记者,因为商业渠道单一,很多小珠宝商就用石英岩染色充当碧玺卖给消费者。

  事实上,碧玺市场价值标准的缺失,是造成目前碧玺市场呈现混乱局面的关键所在。祖恩东告诉记者,由于碧玺色彩较多,制定标准非常困难,所以至今没有碧玺方面的鉴定标准,主要还是参考钻石的相关标准。兰慧明说,标准的缺失,宝石加工工艺严重不配套,人才匮乏成为云南碧玺产业发展面临的三大软肋。希望通过协会等组织与专家共同制定鉴定标准,逐渐形成一套完整鉴定方法,以便消费者能够一目了然的选购碧玺。

  改革开放后,云南崛起过许多产业,有些是因炒作昙花一现,有些经历低谷又重新振作。普洱茶产业、黄龙玉产业,还有现在正热的翡翠和碧玺都兼具实用和投资的特点,发展中特别要注意恶意炒作。应当依托怒江的碧玺矿资源,拓展云南珠宝产业新空间。

  李继红(云南日报)


TAG:云南宝石市场又遇疯狂石头

南京和田玉市场日趋成熟

南京和田玉市场日趋成熟

南京精品和田玉节上,商家展示的和田玉。吴瞳摄 南京精品和田玉节上,商家展示的和田玉。吴瞳摄

  从每克数百元到每克上万元,不过几年间,和田玉价格上涨了几十倍,堪称现实版“疯狂的石头”。14日,记者在南京最大的和田玉市场南艺后街古玩艺术品市场走访时了解到,目前和田玉市场正渐趋理性,中低端玉石价格已经开始回落,精品和田玉因为其资源的稀缺性继续高走,买家也随着对和田玉了解的深入变得更为成熟。

  从2005年开始,大笔资金涌入了和田玉市场。“2006年、2007年,不管是精品玉,还是中低档玉,只要是和田玉,都能卖的出去。”古玩市场里,一家专营精品和田玉的店铺老板楼小波说。他在和田玉价格大涨的第一波就去了和田,做起了玉石生意。那时候品质好些的和田玉几千块钱就可以买到,现在精品和田玉的价格已经上涨到每克数万元。

  和田玉价格的高涨,已使和田玉的买家局限在少部分收藏家和有钱人中。由于近年来精品和田玉的稀缺,楼小波也开始对手中从四处收集来的一盘和田玉籽料惜售。“能放在这个盘子里的玉,白度要好,肉质要紧,最好带有皮色。”说话间,好几个买家上前询问价格,他都连连摆手,表示只展不卖。“随着新疆和田玉产区封山禁采,这种资源只会越来越少。”

  “新疆和田玉就是不禁采,河床里能采到的精品也不多了。”南京玉石玩家冯先生收藏和田玉已有20多年,还曾到新疆实地考察,亲眼见到和田玉被过度开采的景象。冯先生认为虽然和田玉因其深厚的历史内涵和资源的稀缺性具有独特的收藏价值,但近几年和田玉价格的快速上涨离不开资本的炒作,整个市场里也是龙蛇混杂、良莠难辨,这使得他在选择藏品时会更加的谨慎。

  另一家汉白玉坊的老板也表示,现在买家们渐趋理性,都是在对和田玉有所了解之后,才会出手购买。随着中低档和田玉价格的回落,买家的购买目标更向精品汉白玉集中。但因为“一玉难求”,资深藏家提醒有意入门的收藏者一定要“多看、多听、少买”。(强薇 吴瞳)


TAG:南京和田玉市场日趋成熟

荆州收藏家掷百万赌石 从草根变千万富翁

荆州收藏家掷百万赌石 从草根变千万富翁

图片资料 图片资料 图片资料 图片资料

  一块看起来平淡无奇的石头,它的价值或逾数千万元或分文不值.面对这样的一块石头,你敢不敢一掷300多万元买下?年逾花甲的荆州市著名的古玉珠宝鉴赏、收藏家张登宝就有这种胆识与豪情.9年前,他远赴缅甸一掷数百万“赌石”,赢得一块价值6000万元的翡翠原石,从“草根”变身为千万富翁.4月16日,记者走近了这位睿智的老人,听他讲述那“赌石”的传奇经历和跌宕起伏的人生……

  磨难坎坷他从逆境走向“首富”

  “那是9年前的事情了,好像就发生在昨天一样……”在荆州九龙渊畔一座临湖傍水的四合院内,记者来到了张登宝老先生家中.一番寒暄过后,满面红光、精气神十足的张登宝老人打开了尘封的记忆闸门,侃侃而谈.

  64岁的张登宝出生于湖北当阳草埠湖的一个农民家庭.张登宝的父亲张兴平是一个憨厚老实的农民,解放前夕,他用一生勤扒苦做攒下的积蓄购下了村里一个逃亡大地主贱价抛售的农田.没想到第二年,这些良田成为了张兴平欺压剥削的罪证,他被打成了地主.此后,“地主家庭”这一家庭成分就伴着张登宝的求学、求职.

  小学读完后,12岁的张登宝未能再继续圆求学之梦.一天傍晚,辍学在家的他在二胡声音的吸引下,无意中结识了下放到草埠湖接受“再教育”的二胡大师黄海淮先生.在黄海淮悉心指导下,张登宝经过两年的研习,二胡拉得炉火纯青.凭着这一技之长,他改写了人生的命运,入选宜昌市文工团并成为台柱子.

  上世纪八十年代,改革春风吹拂了大江两岸.张登宝辞去工作下海经商,办起了草埠湖头山镇首家商贸公司,后来成了当地的首富.

  祸不单行百万富翁沦为“草根”

  创业走向辉煌后,身家上百万的张登宝萌生了激流勇退的心理,转而“迷”上了收藏字画、玉器、瓷器.凭着自己的悟性与执着,历经数年的磨砺,张登宝成为了荆州市有名的收藏家.“无论是红山文化、良渚文化,还是商周时代、春秋时期等各个不同年代的玉器,我凭肉眼就能辨别真伪……”张登宝说到这里抿了口茶,不无自信地称,真正的玉器绝对不会在他眼里“走眼”.

  凭着这双识别玉器真伪的“慧眼”,张登宝费尽心血,从民间收到一批上品翡翠,一大批名贵字画.他几乎花光了多年打拼挣来的全部积蓄.然而,就在他事业顺水顺风之机,灭顶之灾也在悄然临近.一天,一个外地的徐老板找到了张登宝,装作十分诚恳的样子,说服他将收藏的古玩出手.生性敦厚的张登宝不知有诈,将百万元购来,价值千万元的古翡翠以及名贵字画留在徐老板下榻的旅馆.不料,徐老板当夜就携带着宝物悄悄离开.张登宝苦等了数月不见徐老板影踪,方才明白上当受骗.飞来横祸,让张登宝元气伤尽,一夜之间从百万富翁沦为“草根”.陷入绝境的张登宝,决心走最后一着险棋,以“赌石”来扭转人生的航向.

  远赴缅甸绝境中“背水一战”

  赌石,确实是一条险路,赌的是心跳.在这一行里,流传“一刀穷,二刀富,三刀全家披白布”的行话,说的就是花上几十、几百万赌一块毛石,里面有没有“货”,谁也难以预料.倘若三刀切开后,仍看不到一点“货”,那就只有上吊自杀,全家披麻戴孝的悲惨结局.

  2003年,张登宝背着家人,举债30万元,踏上了缅甸赌石的路途.来到缅甸后,张登宝将全部30万押上一块石头,二刀切开有“货”,转手卖80万.随后,他用赚来的50万做赌本,赌得又一块石头.结果,命运之神再次青睐了张登宝,二刀切开翡翠色喜人,他以200万出手.

  张登宝“赌石”赢了200万的消息,让他身边的人艳羡不已,称他“运气好”.没有人知道,在这200万的背后,有着怎样的惊涛骇浪.唯有张登宝自己心里清楚,倘若一赌失手,他的生命也就走到了尽头!两次赌赢之后,张登宝面临着一个艰难的决定:带着200万回家,过安逸的日子,还是用作赌本,再赌一把更大的?历经长时间的煎熬后,张登宝毅然决然地选择了后者,因为他的骨子里有着不服输的韧劲和勇于冒险的执着!

  当年10月,张登宝再次开始了“赌石”的冒险之旅.他在同伴夏某的陪同下来到了中缅边境,找到做赌石庄家的老板肖某.肖某掀出一块重约200公斤的翡翠毛石,表皮呈灰黑色,俗称“黑乌砂”.张登宝知道,这种黑乌砂是翡翠含量最高的,也是极有可能一赌暴富的的原石.

  历经一番讨价还价,肖某答应320万成交,除了这块黑乌砂外,再帮一块黄砂皮.倘若赌黑乌砂失败,还有一块黄砂皮供赌石的张登宝“翻本”.张登宝贝当即接受了这个赌约,当场付了100万定金,说明筹齐另220万后,再来现场开石头“验货”.

  生死一线幸福坐拥6000万“奇货”

  张登宝回家筹款之路,掀起了一场家庭风暴.200多万元对于一个普通家庭来说,无异于飞来横财,足以让张登宝全家过上衣食无忧的生活.然而,张登宝要再举债100多万去“赌石”,遭到了空前的反对,全家老小七八口人无一例外地说他“疯了!”“当初,我确实是一个为疯狂的石头而疯狂的人……”张登宝略带几分沧桑地告诉记者,要是赌石失败,他就成了家庭的千古罪人,背负的压力之大可想而知.(记者顿攀文/图)



来源:新浪收藏


TAG:荆州收藏家掷百万赌石 从草根变千万富翁 翡翠 翡翠手镯 翡翠观音 jade 七彩云南 云南翡翠 缅甸翡翠 瑞丽翡翠

Gucci Outlet monte del totale Revel

Grande. Fiume a Gucci Outlet monte del totale Revel per un po ‘Road, Gucci Borse vi prego di continuare a dire. Uh-huh. L’allenamento di forza spirituale può non solo attività di sensibilizzazione, ma anche migliorare il senso di capacità di elaborare le informazioni, soprattutto, per aumentare la consapevolezza della capacità di stoccaggio, in altre parole, Gucci Borse la capacità di memorizzazione delle informazioni è la coscienza può essere ampliato. Solo un mese, il fiume a monte del sentimento di sé della memoria, Gucci Borse un senso di sensibilità è notevolmente migliorata, e il corpo forte.

Contenuti memorizzati all’interno Gucci Outlet della coscienza è abbastanza familiarità con le cose che dicono spesso. Informazioni, si parla molto moderno! Kiang monte ha scherzato. Naturalmente, Gucci Borse il mio centro di coscienza lontano dalla propria area di memoria del cervello può facilmente leggere la vostra memoria. Dopo quasi un mese di allenamento per la forza spirituale, mentre dorme nel fiume a monte durante, ma il fiume a monte della raccolta.

La comprensione del mondo dalla vostra memoria, ma mi rendo conto sulla vostra memoria è molto più alto di te. Beh, cosa c’è di così sorprendente, Gucci Borse non lo farò. Fiume a monte della bocca sulla strada, il cuore è Gucci Online Shop stato felice per la capacità di. Oh, Gentian pellicola trasparente improvvisamente ricordato di qualcosa che ha detto, ho dimenticato di dirti, in effetti, e non ho bisogno di parlare, può la coscienza con cui parlare.

Vuoi dire, Gucci Borse penso che quello che sarà in grado di sapere? Fiume a monte del viso è diventato pallido. Certo. Ho di fronte a voi non sono un segreto, no? Fiume a monte di disperazione, dolore e pianto. Sì, ah! Canta Gentian Ying rideva, si desidera e che ha chiamato il cuore Shi Gucci Borse come una gioia bambina, lo so. Mio Dio! Capitolo III complesso Gentian pellicola di classe chiara ottenere il Gucci Borse 2011 consenso del corso superiore del fiume, che ha iniziato il suo Gucci Borse programma di formazione.

http://www.gucciborseoutlet.net/


Gucci Outlet monte del totale Revel

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玉满斋建站一周年优惠活动第二季 玉满斋

玉满斋建站一周年优惠活动第二季 玉满斋

很不好意思各位玉友,本来答应大家四月初的建站一周年优惠活动到中旬了才开始,主要是明月一直没有选择好哪些商品加入优惠活动里,价格、成色、优惠幅度这些都需要整理的,再加上明月每天还要坚持的更新网站以及打理淘宝网店。最近忙的有点儿乱,上周去淘货回来后,新货还没有整理发布完呢!所以这个优惠活动就一直给延后了。

这次的活动,今天开始一直持续到月底或者5月初吧(这个主要取决于淘宝后台的限时折扣可设定的范围,默认是只可以设定10天的,我尽量在10天到期时延时)。新淘到的货和以前一些老货都会拿出来参加优惠活动的,最低折扣还是5折优惠。当然,有些货本身定的价格就不高,如果都5折的话那我只有去喝西北风了,呵呵!请各位玉友们见谅哈!再次重申一下,玉满斋的优惠活动都是实价基础上的优惠活动,绝对不会是先涨价再打折。在些也请各位玉友们监督,监督方法很简单就是屏幕截图并带上日期,呵呵,如果发现玉满斋有先涨价再打折现象,欢迎大家的揭发。

在网站评论、QQ邮箱评论里有很多玉友都提出来玉满斋的宝贝图片效果太差,今天在这里明月也给大家阐述一下!玉满斋所有的图片都是实物拍照,并且尽量都在自然光下拍摄,尽力还原给大家最真实的色彩(个别宝贝受色泽和体积影响可能会在灯光下拍摄,但也是尽量保持原色的)。具体的以前有发文专门的介绍过,大家可以参考【为什么玉满斋网店里的图片都是手托着拍的?】和】【网购翡翠需要知道的常识】这两篇文章就能明白为什么玉满斋都是实物照并且都是自然光了。虽然艺术加工过的图片非常的漂亮,但我想大家买玉还是自已带的居多,给大家呈现一个就像拿在自已手里看到的效果一样的图片,才是一个诚信卖家心须要具备的!什么神仙照、黑底照这些有猫腻的图片,玉满斋现在不会用,以后也肯定不会用,这点儿我比较固执,改的可能性很小的了。

废话不多说了,周年优惠活动会在淘宝网店设定一个专区,只要在这个专区里的都是参与活动优惠的,具体地址就点击下面的图片就可以进入的!并且会在淘宝网店首页有专门的提示的,点击相应的提示一样可以进入这个专区的。

建站周年优惠活动

玉满斋建站周年优惠活动第二季正在进行时,点击直接进入淘宝网店专区

有关优惠宝贝详情,大家可以在淘宝网店里看到,明月也会抽选一些以文章的形式发布出来的,每个宝贝会配上一些文字说明以及优缺点以便大家甄选。同时在这里给大家强调一点儿,一般情况下200元以内的宝贝默认是不会配送鉴定证书的,如果需要鉴定证书请与淘宝在线客服联系,证书需另加20元鉴定费的(鉴定机构收费虽然并不是很多,但收费就以味着承担法律责任,具体大家可以参考前一阵子的文章【有关玉器鉴定证书的法律责任!】),200元以上的明月都会尽量配送证书的,也就是免鉴定费的。还有就是证书都是在买家买下后在发货前我们去鉴定机构开据证书的,所以在没有人买之前我一般是给你提供不了证书的,当然也有例外情况,比如:我都不能确定真假必须依靠鉴定证书来证明的才会被我去鉴定的。这个其实很正常,因为明月一直以来淘货准则就是:经验+常识+鉴定证书来排除假货的,基本上到现在为止还没有上过假货的当,这是多年来总结的一套经验噢,呵呵!关于证书的可信度,我就不讲了,不是证书不可信而是大家要理解证书到底是怎么回事儿?这个我有很多文章里专门讲到过的,今天就不再说了,想了解的话可以联系我,也可以看过去我发布的文章。

好了,就这么多了,我还得去设定活动优惠折扣呢,必须要搞完的,虽然已经凌晨了,但没办法!还得工作呀!祝大家淘货愉快!


TAG:优惠 活动 玉满斋

解惑古玉器常用术语 玉满斋

解惑古玉器常用术语 玉满斋

近年来参与到玉器收藏的人越来越多,其中古玉器以其独有的艺术历史价值受到人们的重视,那么对于刚进入玉器交易市场,对古玉器并不是很了解的人来说,古玉器中常用的那些术语是代表着什么意思呢?下面将针对常用的术语进行解释,为收藏新手们解惑。

沁色:埋藏上中古玉,受地下水、土镶及埋葬物的浸蚀,表面发生了化学和物理变化,产生了一些新的物质.致使古玉表面颇色发生变化,称为沁色.

染色做旧:也称为伪沁色。是用人工方法.对新玉进行加工染色.做成古沁色。方法繁多.近年又有新的进展.这些.按现代玉石学的行话,称为优化处理.

绺裂:俗称玉隔、玉纹,指玉质内外的裂纹。

饭糁:俗称玉花,指玉内与周圈界线分明的白斑。

蚀斑:俗称土蚀、土锈、土咬、土吃.指玉质表面遭上浸蚀形成的斑纹。

蛀孔:指玉质表面,大小不一,如虫蛀般的孔。

生坑:或称土古,指新出土或出土后未经盘熟的玉器。

熟坑:即传世玉,指未入土,或早年人土后经人工盘熟的玉器。

脱胎:指出土器经人工长期把玩后.玉质晶莹透润,色泽愈发鲜明,犹如羽化成仙,脱去凡胎。切割痕:玉器表面留下的剖切痕迹。

拉锯痕:俗称拉丝痕.指某些器物孔网中留下的锯拉痕迹。

管钻疲:玉器表面留下的图形管钻的痕迹。

单面钻:孔由一面钻成,呈一面大一面小的喇叭形。

双面钻:孔由两面对钻,外面大、里面小,有时有位错。

通心穿:俗称通天限.孔从顶至底钻成.

象鼻穿:在一平面上斜穿二孔.相通。

阴刻:指到人底面的雕法,有单线阳刻和双线阴刻。

斜刀:西周特有的刀法,指并行的双阴线一粗一细。

汉人刀:汉代特有刀法,器物线条粗劲简练,雕刻极少,属阴刻。

游丝毛雌.汉代特有之刀法,指线条纤细如丝,作断续游动状.

留皮:指在玉器上留下原料的表皮作为装饰。

巧色:又称巧作、俏色,指利用原料的不同颜色雕刻.

托底:指在断裂的玉器上耗以板料.使其复原如初。

补整:以石青或蜡等物境补空洞。

嵌宝:在玉器上嵌宝石.

描金:用金粉勾填花纹或直接在玉器上描绘.

古玉,这行里全是坑呀,明月是不敢去碰的!

古玉,这行里全是坑呀,明月是不敢去碰的!

其实此文算是对玉器常用术语的一个补遗,玉器是玉器,古玉器是古玉器,本质上一样都是玉,但其实还是有很大的不同,所以大家一定要搞清楚,不要将这两个概念给混淆了,否则会使你在购玉之路产生一些不必要的认识误区。


TAG:古玉器 常用术语